Activatable Photoacoustic/Near-Infrared Probes for the Detection of Copper Ions of Cardiovascular Disease In Vivo and in Urine

Copper ions, implicated in processes such as oxidative stress and inflammation, are believed to play a crucial role in cardiovascular disease, a prevalent and deadly disease. Despite this, current diagnostic methods fail to detect early stage cardiovascular disease or track copper ion accumulation, limiting our understanding of the disease's progression. Therefore, the development of noninvasive techniques to image copper ions in cardiovascular disease is urgently needed to enhance diagnostic precision and therapeutic strategies. In this study, we report the successful synthesis and application of a copper ion-activated photoacoustic probe,