Remediation of uranium-contaminated alkaline soil by rational application of phosphorus fertilizers: Effect and mechanism

环境修复 化学 碱土 肥料 环境化学 土壤pH值 碱度 磷酸盐 生态毒性 土壤污染 土壤水分 污染 环境科学 毒性 土壤科学 生物 有机化学 生态学
作者
Lingfeng Dong,Zhanfei He,Jingyi Wu,Keqing Zhang,Daoyong Zhang,Xiangliang Pan
出处
期刊:Environmental Research [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:220: 115172-115172 被引量:14
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.envres.2022.115172
摘要

In alkaline soil, abundant carbonates will mobilize uranium (U) and increase its ecotoxicity, which is a serious threat to crop growth. However, the knowledge of U remediation in alkaline soils remains very limited. In this study, U-contaminated alkaline soil (tillage layer) was collected from the Ili mining area of Xinjiang, the soil remediation was carried out by using phosphorus (P) fertilizers of different solubility (including KH2PO4, Ca(H2PO4)2, CaHPO4, and Ca3(PO4)2), and the pathways and mechanisms of U passivation in the alkaline soil were revealed. The results showed that water-soluble P fertilizers, KH2PO4 and Ca(H2PO4)2, were highly effective at immobilizing U, and significantly reduced the bioavailability of soil U. The exchangeable U was reduced by 70.5 ± 0.1% (KH2PO4) and 68.2 ± 1.9% (Ca(H2PO4)2), which was converted into the Fe–Mn oxide-bound and residual phases. Pot experiments showed that soil remediation by KH2PO4 significantly promoted crop growth, especially for roots, and reduced U uptake in crops by 94.5 ± 1.0%. The immobilization of U by KH2PO4 could be attributed to the release of phosphate anions, which react with the uranyl ion (UO22+) forming a stable mineral of meta-ankoleite and enhancing the binding of UO22+ to the soil Fe–Mn oxides. In addition, KH2PO4 dissolution produces acidity and P fertilizer, which can reduce soil alkalinity and improve crop growth. The findings in this work demonstrate that a rational application of P fertilizer can effectively, conveniently, and cheaply remediate U contamination and improve crop yield and safety on alkaline farmland.
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