Background parenchymal enhancement on contrast-enhanced spectral mammography does not represent an influencing factor for breast cancer

Abstract To compare the relationship between background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) on contrast-enhanced spectral mammography (CESM), mammographic breast density (MBD), age, in the group with benign vs malignant breast lesions. Four hundred thirty three non-high-risk patients from January 2018 to May 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were assigned into 4 groups: premenopausal benign lesions, premenopausal malignant lesions, postmenopausal benign lesions, and postmenopausal malignant lesions. The differences in CESM BPE and MBD between premenopausal benign lesions and premenopausal malignant lesions, between postmenopausal benign lesions and postmenopausal malignant lesions, between premenopausal and postmenopausal benign lesions, and between premenopausal and postmenopausal malignant lesions were evaluated. Pearson Chi-Squared test was used to analyze the differences between the above groups. Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlations between BPE, MBD, and age. Multiple logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of breast cancer. P < .05 was considered statistically significant. There was no significant difference in CESM BPE or MBD of benign and malignant lesions regardless of premenopausal or postmenopausal status, but there was a significant difference in CESM BPE and MBD of premenopausal and postmenopausal patients regardless of the presence of benign or malignant lesions. The intensity of CESM BPE was positively correlated with MBD, and the intensity of CESM BPE and MBD were negatively correlated with age. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that age was an influencing factor for breast cancer in both premenopausal and postmenopausal patients. For non-high-risk women, CESM BPE and MBD were not correlated with benign or malignant breast lesions, and age was an influencing factor for breast cancer.