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Integrating heteromixtured Cu2O/CuO photocathode interface through a hydrogen treatment for photoelectrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction

光电阴极 异质结 材料科学 氧化物 退火(玻璃) 分解水 光催化 X射线光电子能谱 可逆氢电极 化学工程 制氢 纳米技术 电化学 光电子学 催化作用 化学 电极 复合材料 冶金 物理化学 有机化学 电子 工程类 物理 量子力学 生物化学 参比电极
作者
Young Jun Seo,Maheswari Arunachalam,Kwang‐Soon Ahn,Soon Hyung Kang
出处
期刊:Applied Surface Science [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:551: 149375-149375 被引量:29
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.apsusc.2021.149375
摘要

Mono and divalent copper oxide (Cu2O and CuO) has been considered as a potential semiconductor photocathode with capability for hydrogen (H2) production. The use of one-dimensional (1D) nanostructures as photocathode is desirable for the photoelectrochemical water-splitting device due to the large surface areas, lateral carrier extraction property, and excellent light-harvesting potentiality. Accordingly, the numerous attempts to develop copper oxide heterojunctions via a bottom-up approach has been achieved, but, the resulting composites have suffered from the poor interfacial configuration. Here, we demonstrate the intimate modulation through the different ambient annealing of photocathodes could alter the nanostructure, light-harvesting, and optical bandgap. Accordingly, the Cu2O/CuO heterostructure was synthesized by in situ growth via simple electrochemical anodization of Cu foil followed by annealing in air, and then the surfaces of the heterostructure were sequentially modified by the formation of Cu(OH)2 via the post-annealing process under 4% hydrogen-argon mixed gas at 300 °C. As a result, a mild hydrogen treatment (H2@1min) was found to be effective in enhancing the PEC properties, due to the favorable formation of Cu2O/CuO/Cu(OH)2 layer, promoting the photogenerated charge collection yield; the generation of sufficient cation vacancies was closely related to the electronic conductivity and the charge-transfer yield. The TEM and XPS results confirmed that the hydrogen treatment found a slightly thin Cu(OH)2 layer was produced as an efficient co-catalyst from the inherent chemical reduction of prominent CuO phase to develop the junction of Cu2O/CuO/Cu(OH)2. Overall, the Cu2O/CuO/Cu(OH)2(H2@1min) film exhibited an obvious improvement in photocurrent density of −2.3 mA/cm2 at 0 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) (abbreviated as 0 VRHE) than those nanowires having −1.72 and −1.44 mA/cm2 of both Cu2O/CuO/Cu(H2@3min) and Cu2O/CuO(Air), respectively.
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