Energy Balanced Data Transmission Strategy for LWSN in Railway Environment Monitoring

In linear wireless sensor network (LWSN) for railway environment monitoring, aiming at the problem that single-hop transmission aggravates the energy exhaustion of nodes and shortens the network lifetime, combining with the requirements on low energy consumption and high real-time of railway environment monitoring, an energy-balanced data transmission strategy for linear wireless sensor network is proposed. Based on the Lagrange multiplier method, it is verified that the energy consumption of non-uniform cluster head (CH) deployment is lower than that of uniform deployment, the CH complete the optimal deployment in a geometric progression, two-sided and the non-uniform manner. Based on this model, the mathematical relationship between the hop counts, CH energy consumption and the network lifetime of K-hop packet transmission strategy is established. Simulation results show that compared with single-hop transmission strategy, the proposed K-hop packet transmission strategy reduces the hop counts and the energy consumption difference of CH and consequently prolong the network lifetime by about 1.6 times, which meets the high requirements of real-time, energy consumption and robustness of the railway environment monitoring network.