砷
生物转化
环境化学
遗传算法
砷毒性
毒性
生物利用度
水生毒理学
水生生态系统
类金属
化学
生物
生态学
药理学
金属
生物化学
有机化学
酶
作者
Eunjin Byeon,Hye-Min Kang,Cheolho Yoon,Jae‐Seong Lee
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.105901
摘要
Arsenic is a toxic metalloid that is widely distributed in the environment due to its persistence and accumulative properties. The occurrence, distribution, and biological effects of arsenic in aquatic environments have been extensively studied. Acute and chronic toxicities to arsenic are associated with fatal effects at the individual and molecular levels. The toxicity of arsenic in aquatic organisms depends on its speciation and concentration. In aquatic environments, inorganic arsenic is the dominant form. While trivalent arsenicals have greater toxicity compared with pentavalent arsenicals, inorganic arsenic can assume a variety of forms through biotransformation in aquatic organisms. Biotransformation mechanisms and speciation of arsenic have been studied, but few reports have addressed the relationships among speciation, toxicity, and bioavailability in biological systems. This paper reviews the modes of action of arsenic along with its toxic effects and distribution in an attempt to improve our understanding of the mechanisms of arsenic toxicity in aquatic organisms.
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