Factors affecting the Faradaic efficiency of Fe(0) electrocoagulation

法拉第效率 无机化学 溶解 电化学 电解质 化学 阳极 析氧 氯化物 电极 分析化学(期刊) 物理化学 色谱法 有机化学
作者
Case M. van Genuchten,Kim N. Dalby,Marcel Ceccato,S. L. S. Stipp,Knud Dideriksen
出处
期刊:Journal of environmental chemical engineering [Elsevier]
卷期号:5 (5): 4958-4968 被引量:54
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.jece.2017.09.008
摘要

Electrocoagulation (EC) using Fe(0) electrodes is a low cost water treatment technology that relies on efficient production of Fe(II) from the electrolytic dissolution of Fe(0) electrodes (i.e. a high Faradaic efficiency). However, the (electro)chemical factors that favor Fe(0) oxidation rather than O2 evolution during Fe(0) EC have not been identified. In this study, we combined electrochemical methods, electron microscopy and Fe measurements to systematically examine the interdependent effects of current density (i), anodic interface potential (EA) and solution chemistry on the Faradaic efficiency. We found that Fe(0) oxidation was favored (Faradaic efficiency >0.85) in chloride and bromide solutions at all i, whereas carbonate, phosphate, citrate, and nitrate solutions lead to Faradaic efficiencies <0.1. The anodic reaction (i.e. Fe(0) oxidation or O2 evolution) only depended on i in the sulfate and formate solutions. Experiments in binary-anion solutions revealed that molar ratios of [HCO3−]/[Cl−] near 100 and [NO3−]/[Cl−] near 20 separated the electrochemical domains of Fe(0) oxidation and O2 evolution in the EC system. These molar ratios were supported by experiments in synthetic groundwater solutions. We also found that the EA vs i curves for solutions with poor Faradaic efficiency overlapped but were situated 2–4 V vs Ag/AgCl higher than those of solutions with high Faradaic efficiency. Therefore, the position of the EA vs i curve, rather than the EA alone, can be used to determine unambiguously the reaction occurring on the Fe(0) anode during EC treatment.
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