The selective NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor MCC950 alleviates cholestatic liver injury and fibrosis in mice

Cholestasis occurs in many clinical circumstances and leads to severe liver disorders. MCC950, a small-molecule NLRP3 inhibitor, was previously shown to have anti-inflammatory effects. However, these effects have not yet been examined in cholestatic liver injury. This study aimed to investigate the role of NLRP3 inflammasome and test the therapeutic efficacy and molecular mechanisms of MCC950 in cholestatic liver injury through the common bile duct ligation (BDL) model in mice. The influence of MCC950 on histological changes, levels of liver damage, neutrophil infiltration, liver cell death, inflammatory cytokine levels, and NLRP3 inflammasome expression were examined. The results of the current study confirmed that NLRP3 components were up-regulated during bile duct obstruction. MCC950 treatment significantly alleviated BDL-induced liver injury by reducing production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18 and inhibiting neutrophil infiltration and hepatic cell death. Moreover, MCC950 significantly inhibited NLRP3 activation during cholestatic liver injury. In addition, transcriptome analysis indicated that Toll-like receptor signaling may be involved in the protective effects of MCC950 in cholestatic liver injury. In conclusion, experimental findings demonstrate that MCC950 exerted protective effects in cholestatic liver injury and liver fibrosis by blocking NLRP3 inflammasome activation and the mechanism was partially attributed to inhibition of Toll-like receptor signaling. The present study indicates MCC950 could potentially be an effective therapeutic strategy for the treatment of cholestatic liver injury.