Mitigation of rapid capacity decay in silicon- LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 full batteries

阳极 材料科学 石墨 电解质 锂(药物) 化学工程 电极 纳米技术 光电子学 复合材料 化学 医学 物理化学 内分泌学 工程类
作者
Wei Zhang,Seoung‐Bum Son,Harvey Guthrey,Chunmei Ban
出处
期刊:Energy Storage Materials [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:49: 111-121 被引量:14
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.ensm.2022.03.025
摘要

Silicon (Si)-based materials have been considered as the most promising anode materials for high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries because of their higher storage capacity and similar operating voltage, as compared to the commercial graphite (Gr) anode. But the use of Si anodes including silicon-graphite (Si-Gr) blended anodes often leads to rapid capacity decay in Si-Gr/LiNixMnyCozO2 (x+y+z=1) full cells, which has been attributed to surface instability of the Si component. In addition to stabilizing the surface, this work investigates the potential of the Si-Gr blended anodes in a full-cell configuration and its impact on the capacity contribution from active components. Using dQ/dV plots of the full cells, a powerful but simple-to-implement differential potential approach is developed to decouple the capacity contribution and degradation from the graphite and silicon components. Data collected from three-electrode cells confirm the results from the differential potential approach, which suggests a voltage slippage to a higher voltage at the blended anode side. The voltage slippage causes a reduced utilization of the Gr component and exacerbates side reactions between the Si-Gr anode and carbonate electrolytes. Furthermore, based on these failure mechanisms, we adopted a mitigation strategy to tune the open circuit voltage of the prelithiated anode while stabilizing the surface. As a result, the full cells with the modified Si-Gr anodes (mass loading, 2.5 mAh/cm2) offer a highly reversible full-cell energy density of 390 Wh/kg (based on the mass of both anode and cathode materials in a full cell) with a cycling CE of 99.9% over 200 cycles.
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