Concepts for the manufacture of silicon solar cell modules for use in concentrating systems up to 5×

The use of low-level concentration up to 5/spl times/ offers the possibility of reduced system cost for larger photovoltaic (PV) systems with more efficient use of silicon. Modifications of standard one-Sun laser grooved buried grid (LGBG) cells are described together with the development of cell and interconnection and packaging arrangements to give low cell operating temperatures and low series resistance under concentration. Field tests on a cost effective PV receiver design are given.