Sewer solids—20 years of investigation

Knowledge about sewer solids has advanced rapidly in the last few decades due to academic research triggered by an emerging renewed interest from sewer operators. It is now known that sewer solids are implicated in: loss of conveyance; potential for acute and chronic pollution of watercourses and effects inside sewers such as generation of malodorous gases and fabric corrosion. Despite this advance in knowledge, there is much that still needs to be understood, particularly the details of some of the mechanisms of flow-solids interactions, such as deposition, consolidation, erosion, biochemical interactions and processes. The history of knowledge development is outlined and areas where there is a need for further elucidation are highlighted.