Automated tower crane planning: leveraging 4-dimensional BIM and rule-based checking

Reviewing tower crane plans in the pre-construction phase is an iterative process and one that is in need of an approach that improves its effectiveness and efficiency. This study proposes a framework that integrates 4D modeling and rule-based checking for reviewing tower crane plans. A template of crane-specific rules that are based on prevailing tower crane design standards in the United States was developed. This framework is capable of automating the review process and identifying potential spatial and capacity conflicts based on design models and construction schedules. This work presents a prototype system to which crane-specific rules are applied in a rule-checking platform that uses a 4D model as input. In the validation tests, the system's effectiveness is demonstrated by its high recall rates. Efficiency is achieved through diminishing manual interventions. The proposed approach also gives rise to an automated tower crane-planning process, reducing the need for manual input. Higher efficiency allows users to review more alternatives consistently when compared with the manual approach.