Kidney-on-a-Chip

The Kidney-on-a-chip field is proving to be exponential helpful technology with the ability to revolutionize disease diagnosis, drug toxicology, and novel drug discovery. For the advancement of kidney-on-a-chip models, there is a prime requirement to do rigorous validation. It could be determined whether kidney-on-a-chip models can predict clinical outcomes before the severe stage and represent human-relevant physiology. Recent advances in kidney-on-a-chip models in the past decade could be screened and utilized for drug screening to evaluate the applicabilities of new therapies and models to understand disease mechanisms better. The efficiency of kidney-on-a-chip models tends to envisage that successful application in the engineering of glomerulus-on-a-chip model can provide a blueprint for novel personalized organ chips and lead to ‘body-on-a-chip’ models in the future. This book chapter attempts to showcase the advancement of the kidney-on-a-chip model to mimic the kidney’s in vivo functioning and understand the cellular and molecular pathways in the kidney.