A Novel Technique With Ileal Mesentery to Reconstruct the Pelvic Peritoneum After Pelvic Dissection With End Colostomy for Rectal Cancer

After abdominoperineal resection, low anterior resection, and end colostomy for lower rectal cancer, it is necessary to reconstruct the pelvic peritoneum to avoid small bowel obstruction, perineal hernia, and radiation enteritis in patients for whom postoperative radiotherapy is planned. However, pelvic peritoneal closure is technically difficult in patients who lack enough peritoneum to cover the defect or have received neoadjuvant radiation and have a rigid pelvis.The impact of this innovation is to reconstruct the pelvic peritoneum with the distal ileal mesentery laparoscopically.After removal of the tumor, the distal ileal mesentery was selected to completely cover the defect. Subsequently, suturing of the ileal mesentery to the posterior wall of the urinary bladder and all sides of the pelvic cavity was performed. Finally, the patients were returned to the headfirst supine position to ensure that there was no small bowel falling into the pelvic dead space.All surgical procedures were successfully performed laparoscopically from January 2019 to April 2021. No perineal complications or intestinal obstructions occurred during the follow-up period.This novel technique was found to be safe and effective. Moreover, it provided an economical method for the reconstruction of the pelvic peritoneum using autologous material, which could preserve the small intestine in the abdomen to avoid related complications. Additional larger series of patients with longer follow-up are needed to validate the safety and feasibility of this method.