Recent advances in fused deposition modeling based additive manufacturing of thermoplastic composite structures: A review

Fused deposition modeling (FDM) is one of the leading emerging technologies of Industry 4.0, which has been employed to develop sustainable engineering products, customized implants and sophisticated biomedical devices. However, the mechanical strength and durability of 3D printed parts is still lower than its conventional counterparts, which restrict its widespread use. In this regard, the use of short fibres (i.e. natural or artificial) and advanced nanomaterials to reinforce the existing polymer matrix has been drastically increased to improve the load bearing capacity of FDM printed parts. Hence, this article aims to provide a systematic review on thermoplastic composite structure prepared through FDM technology and summarizes the current knowledge about the use of various additives to improve the overall quality FDM parts. Moreover, the common defects associated with FDM printed composite structures and the methods required to improve the quality of FDM composite parts are discussed in this article.