Heart failure with improved ejection fraction: The current and future in Asian populations

In recent years, heart failure (HF) with improved ejection fraction (HFimpEF) draws more attention from clinicians. It previously has different definitions, and recently is redefined as HFimpEF in 2022 AHA/ACC/HFSA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure (1). It indicates HFimpEF are patients who have a previous left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤40% and a follow-up LVEF>40%, have an absolute≥10% of LVEF increase. Mounting evidence demonstrates HFimpEF are associated with better outcomes, but most research were carried out in North American and European countries (2).