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Growth and survival strategies of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) leaves under potassium deficiency stress: trade-offs in potassium ion distribution between vacuoles and chloroplasts.

芸苔属 液泡 叶绿体 生物 农学 植物 化学 细胞生物学 细胞质 生物化学 有机化学 基因
作者
Hehe Gu,Zhonghu He,Zhifeng Lu,Shipeng Liao,Yangyang Zhang,Xiaokun Li,Rihuan Cong,Tao Ren,Jianwei Lu
出处
期刊:PubMed 卷期号:121 (4): e70009-e70009
标识
DOI:10.1111/tpj.70009
摘要

Potassium (K) is a prevalent limiting factor in terrestrial ecosystems, with approximately one-eighth of the world's soils undergoing K+ deficiency stress. Upon encountering K+ deficiency stress, leaf area (LA) declines before the net photosynthetic rate (An). The sequential alterations fundamentally represent the adaptive trade-off between survival and growth in plants subjected to K+ deficiency stress. This trade-off is hypothesized to be linked to the differences in the subcellular distribution of limited K+ resources. Thus, the K+ distribution and apparent concentration in subcellular compartments, along with the LA and An characteristics of rapeseed leaves at various developmental stages and K+ supply conditions were quantified to elucidate the mechanisms by which subcellular K+ regulates leaf growth and survival. The results revealed that during the early stages of K+ deficiency, leaves actively downregulate growth to sustain normal physiological functions. This is primarily accomplished by lowering the K+ distribution and apparent concentration in vacuoles, restricting LA expansion, and enhancing K+ distribution to chloroplasts to ensure An. Prolonged K+ deficiency decreased the apparent K+ concentration in chloroplasts below the critical threshold (37.8 mm), disrupting chloroplast structure and function, impairing An, and ultimately threatening the survival of rapeseed. Hence, sustaining an adequate concentration of K+ within chloroplasts is crucial for preserving leaf photosynthetic efficiency and ensuring survival under K+ deficiency stress. In conclusion, under K+ deficiency stress, leaves regulate LA and An by trade-offs in the K+ distribution between vacuoles and chloroplasts to coordinate growth and survival.
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