Advances in mixed 2D and 3D perovskite heterostructure solar cells: A comprehensive review

A promising development in photovoltaics (PVs), mixed 2D/3D perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have the potential to overcome the drawbacks of conventional 3D PSCs. This review article thoroughly overviews mixed 2D/3D PSCs' current state-of-the-art, highlighting their significance and potential applications. The article begins by examining the problems with 3D PSCs' efficiency and stability. Furthermore, the review evaluates the stability of mixed 2D/3D PSCs under varying light, heat, air, and moisture conditions, shedding light on their scalability and reproducibility potential. It also investigates the flexibility of 2D/3D PSCs. Finally, the review highlights the potential influence of mixed 2D/3D PSCs on the renewable energy landscape while highlighting these solar cells' challenges and prospects. This exhaustive study aims to increase our understanding of the value and potential of mixed 2D/3D PSCs, ultimately opening the door for their widespread commercialization.