Synthesis of novel 18 β -glycyrrhetinic acid sulfonate derivatives displaying significant anti-oomycete activity against Phytophthora capsici

Using 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) as the lead compound, fourteen GA sulphonate derivatives (3a-n) were prepared by modifying its C-3 OH group, and their structures were well confirmed by ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, HRMS and melting points. Moreover, we screened the anti-oomycete activity of these compounds against Phytophthora capsici by using the mycelial growth rate method. Among the fourteen GA sulphonate derivatives evaluated, four compounds 3f, 3j, 3k and 3l exhibited more potent anti-oomycete activity than that of the positive control zoxamide (EC₅₀ = 25.17 mg/L), and had the median effective concentration (EC₅₀) values of 23.04, 16.16, 22.55, and 13.93 mg/L, respectively. Especially compound 3l showed the best anti-oomycete activity against P. capsici with EC₅₀ value of 13.93 mg/L. Overall, the introduction of sulfonyloxy groups at the C-3 position of GA has a significant impact on its anti-oomycete activity, and the corresponding derivative activity varies significantly with different substituents R.