Update on diagnosis and treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) — recommendations of Section of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology of Polish Neurological Society

The principles for diagnosing NMOSD are discussed, with particular emphasis on serological and neuroimaging diagnosis. Recommendations for the treatment of relapses and chronic immunosuppressive treatment, including the most recent methods of immunotherapy, are also presented. Additionally, the principles of monitoring treatment efficacy and safety are included. Therapy regimens are completed with recommendations for symptomatic treatment. The paper also includes an algorithm for vaccination in patients with NMOSD. Therapeutic management in pregnant women with NMOSD is discussed.