Cognitive reserve against Alzheimer’s pathology is linked to brain activity during memory formation

认知储备 认知 神经科学 阿尔茨海默病 认知功能衰退 医学 认知障碍 痴呆 心理学 病理 疾病
作者
Niklas Vockert,Judith Machts,Luca Kleineidam,Aditya Nemali,Enise I. Incesoy,José Bernal,Hartmut Schütze,Renat Yakupov,Oliver Peters,Daria Gref,Luisa‐Sophie Schneider,Lukas Preis,Josef Priller,Eike Jakob Spruth,Slawek Altenstein,Anja Schneider,Klaus Fließbach,Jens Wiltfang,Ayda Rostamzadeh,Wenzel Glanz,Stefan J. Teipel,Ingo Kilimann,Doreen Göerß,Christoph Laske,Matthias H. Munk,Annika Spottke,Nina Roy,Michael T. Heneka,Frederic Brosseron,Michael Wagner,Steffen Wolfsgruber,Laura Dobisch,Peter Dechent,Stefan Hetzer,Klaus Scheffler,Peter Zeidman,Yaakov Stern,Björn H. Schott,Frank Jessen,Emrah Düzel,Anne Maaß,Gabriel Ziegler
出处
期刊:Nature Communications [Nature Portfolio]
卷期号:15 (1)
标识
DOI:10.1038/s41467-024-53360-9
摘要

Abstract The cognitive reserve (CR) hypothesis posits that individuals can differ in how their brain function is disrupted by pathology associated with aging and neurodegeneration. Here, we test this hypothesis in the continuum from cognitively normal to at-risk stages for Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) to AD dementia using longitudinal data from 490 participants of the DELCODE multicentric observational study. Brain function is measured using task fMRI of visual memory encoding. Using a multivariate moderation analysis, we identify a CR-related activity pattern underlying successful memory encoding that moderates the detrimental effect of AD pathological load on cognitive performance. CR is mainly represented by a more pronounced expression of the task-active network encompassing deactivation of the default mode network (DMN) and activation of inferior temporal regions including the fusiform gyrus. We devise personalized fMRI-based CR scores that moderate the impact of AD pathology on cognitive performance and are positively associated with years of education. Furthermore, higher CR scores attenuate the effect of AD pathology on cognitive decline over time. Our findings primarily provide evidence for the maintenance of core cognitive circuits including the DMN as the neural basis of CR. Individual brain activity levels of these areas during memory encoding have prognostic value for future cognitive decline.
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