This comprehensive review explores the transformative potential of nano-drug delivery systems in the management of periodontitis, a prevalent oral health concern. The analysis begins with an introduction, providing a foundational understanding of the evolution of nanotechnology and its application in drug delivery. The subsequent sections delve into nanoemulsion formulations, highlighting their significance in optimizing drug delivery efficiency. The integration of various therapeutic agents within nano-drug delivery systems, including antibiotics, anti-inflammatory agents, and growth factors, demonstrates the versatility of these platforms in addressing the multifaceted nature of periodontitis. The exploration of moxifloxacin as a case study illustrates the potential impact of specific drug incorporation within nano-formulations, emphasizing the relevance of tailored approaches in combating microbial complexities. Addressing challenges and considerations becomes paramount, with a focus on biocompatibility, stability, and regulatory aspects. The review then navigates through cutting-edge formulations, innovative delivery technologies, and success stories in studies, providing insights into the evolving landscape and practical applications of nano-drug delivery in periodontitis treatment. Exploring emerging trends, potential applications, and future directions underscores the transformative potential of nano-drug delivery. The concluding sections synthesize key findings, outline implications for future research, and offer reflections on the significance of this field. In summary, this analysis highlights the dynamic and promising frontier of nano-drug delivery in reshaping periodontal care. The evolving field holds promise for personalized and efficient solutions, addressing the complexities of periodontitis with tailored precision. The comprehensive insights provided in this review serve as a foundation for continued exploration and advancement in the pursuit of more effective and targeted treatments for periodontitis, ultimately contributing to the improvement of oral health outcomes.