Stem cells

Chapter 2 Stem cells David T. Scadden, David T. Scadden Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University and Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USASearch for more papers by this author David T. Scadden, David T. Scadden Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University and Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USASearch for more papers by this author Book Editor(s):Drew Provan, Drew ProvanSearch for more papers by this authorHillard M. Lazarus, Hillard M. LazarusSearch for more papers by this author First published: 08 March 2024 https://doi.org/10.1002/9781394180486.ch2 AboutPDFPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShareShare a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Summary The hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) is arguably the best characterized stem cell in the body from its basic biology to its clinical use in transplantation. This chapter reviews functional features of HSCs that distinguish them from other cell types and summarizes molecular determinants of behaviors such as localization, quiescence, differentiation and mobilization. The concept of a stem cell niche and what constitutes it in bone marrow is provided. Methods to isolate, expand and functionally characterize HSC are also reviewed. Further reading Regulation of hematopoiesis Chai-Ho , W. and Chute , J.P. ( 2017 ). Paracrine regulation of normal and malignant hematopoiesis . Curr. Opin. Hematol. 24 ( 4 ): 329 – 335 . 10.1097/MOH.0000000000000353 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Gottgens , B. ( 2015 ). Regulatory network control of blood stem cells . Blood 125 ( 17 ): 2614 – 2620 . 10.1182/blood-2014-08-570226 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Hu , D. and Shilatifard , A. ( 2016 ). Epigenetics of hematopoiesis and hematological malignancies . Genes Dev. 30 ( 18 ): 2021 – 2041 . 10.1101/gad.284109.116 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Hematopoietic stem cell niche Gao , X. , Xu , C. , Asada , N. et al . ( 2018 ). The hematopoietic stem cell niche: from embryo to adult . Development 145 ( 2 ). 10.1242/dev.139691 Web of Science®Google Scholar Hoggatt , J. , Kfoury , Y. , and Scadden , D.T. ( 2016 ). Hematopoietic stem cell niche in health and disease . Annu. Rev. Pathol. 11 : 555 – 581 . 10.1146/annurev-pathol-012615-044414 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Hematopoietic stem cell quiescence Foudi , A. , Hochedlinger , K. , Van Buren , D. et al . ( 2009 ). Analysis of histone 2B-GFP retention reveals slowly cycling hematopoietic stem cells . Nat. Biotechnol. 27 ( 1 ): 84 – 90 . 10.1038/nbt.1517 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Wilson , A. , Laurenti , E. , and Trumpp , A. ( 2009 ). Balancing dormant and self-renewing hematopoietic stem cells . Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev. 19 ( 5 ): 461 – 468 . 10.1016/j.gde.2009.08.005 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Isolation of hematopoietic stem cells Majeti , R. , Park , C.Y. , and Weissman , I.L. ( 2007 ). Identification of a hierarchy of multipotent hematopoietic progenitors in human cord blood . Cell Stem Cell 1 ( 6 ): 635 – 645 . 10.1016/j.stem.2007.10.001 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Oguro , H. , Ding , L. , and Morrison , S.J. ( 2013 ). SLAM family markers resolve functionally distinct subpopulations of hematopoietic stem cells and multipotent progenitors . Cell Stem Cell 13 ( 1 ): 102 – 116 . 10.1016/j.stem.2013.05.014 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell expansion Lund , T.C. , Boitano , A.E. , Delaney , C.S. et al . ( 2015 ). Advances in umbilical cord blood manipulation-from niche to bedside . Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol. 12 ( 3 ): 163 – 174 . 10.1038/nrclinonc.2014.215 PubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Saukuari , M. , Ishitsuka , K. , Ito , R. et al . ( 2023 ). Chemically defined cytokine-free expansion of human hematopoietic stem cells . Nature 615 ( 7950 ): 127 – 133 . 10.1038/s41586-023-05739-9 PubMedGoogle Scholar Hematopoietic stem cell engraftment Broxmeyer , H.E. ( 2016 ). Enhancing the efficacy of engraftment of cord blood for hematopoietic cell transplantation . Transfus. Apher. Sci. 54 ( 3 ): 364 – 372 . 10.1016/j.transci.2016.05.013 PubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Hoggatt , J. , Speth , J.M. , and Pelus , L.M. ( 2013 ). Concise review: sowing the seeds of a fruitful harvest: hematopoietic stem cell mobilization . Stem Cells 31 ( 12 ): 2599 – 2606 . 10.1002/stem.1574 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Molecular Hematology, Fifth Edition ReferencesRelatedInformation