G蛋白偶联受体
异三聚体G蛋白
脂肪细胞
受体
能量稳态
GPR120
信号转导
G蛋白
内分泌学
生物
内科学
葡萄糖稳态
2型糖尿病
细胞生物学
化学
脂肪组织
生物化学
糖尿病
胰岛素抵抗
医学
出处
期刊:Diabetes
[American Diabetes Association]
日期:2023-06-20
卷期号:72 (7): 825-834
被引量:1
摘要
The functional state of adipocytes plays a central role in regulating numerous important metabolic functions, including energy and glucose homeostasis. While white adipocytes store excess calories as fat (triglycerides) and release free fatty acids as a fuel source in times of need, brown and beige adipocytes (so-called thermogenic adipocytes) convert chemical energy stored in substrates (e.g., fatty acids or glucose) into heat, thus promoting energy expenditure. Like all other cell types, adipocytes express many G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) that are linked to four major functional classes of heterotrimeric G proteins (Gs, Gi/o, Gq/11, and G12/13). During the past few years, novel experimental approaches, including the use of chemogenetic strategies, have led to a series of important new findings regarding the metabolic consequences of activating or inhibiting distinct GPCR/G protein signaling pathways in white, brown, and beige adipocytes. This novel information should guide the development of novel drugs capable of modulating the activity of specific adipocyte GPCR signaling pathways for the treatment of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and related metabolic disorders.
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