Research on the Effect of Different Length–Diameter Ratios of the Cylindrical Tank on the Roll Stability of Tank Semi-Trailers

To investigate the effect of different length–diameter ratios of cylindrical tanks on the roll stability of tank semi-trailers, this paper uses an equivalent mechanical pendulum model to simulate liquid sloshing in the tank. The equation of motion for the equivalent mechanical pendulum model is derived, and the model is subsequently determined. The parameters are integrated with the Trucksim vehicle dynamics model to establish the roll stability model of the tank semi-trailer based on the dynamic characteristics, and joint simulation analysis is carried out under different working conditions. The results show that as the length–diameter ratio of the tank increases, the roll angle of the vehicle gradually increases, the rollover threshold of the vehicle continuously decreases, and the roll stability of the vehicle decreases. As the length–diameter ratio increases, the shock effect of the liquid also increases. This research will provide assistance in the design and development of tank trucks.