Mechanics and dynamics of thread milling process

Abstract This paper presents the mechanics and dynamics of thread milling operations. The tool follows a helical path around the wall of the pre-machined hole in thread milling, which has varying tool-part engagement and cut area during one threading cycle. The variation of cut area that reflects the kinematics of threading as well as structural vibrations is modeled along the helical, threading path. The mechanics of the process are first experimentally proven, followed by the formulation of dynamic thread milling which is periodic in threading cycle, in a semi-discrete time domain. The stability of the operation is predicted as a function of spindle speed, axial depth of cut, cutter path and tool geometry. The mechanics and stability models are experimentally proven in opening M16×2 threads with a five-fluted helical tool on a Steel AISI1045 workpiece.