冠状动脉疾病
全基因组关联研究
疾病
计算机辅助设计
遗传关联
遗传学
染色体
生物
生物信息学
医学
内科学
单核苷酸多态性
基因
基因型
生物化学
作者
Elsa Molina,Elyse Michele Clarence,Farah Ahmady,Guat Siew Chew,Fadi J. Charchar
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.hlc.2015.12.100
摘要
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally. In the last few years our understanding of the genetic and molecular mechanisms that promote CAD in individuals has increased with the advent of the genome era. This complex inflammatory disease has well-defined environmental risk factors. However, in the last 10 years, studies including genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have clearly demonstrated a genetic influence on CAD. Recently, studies on the human Y chromosome have also demonstrated that genetic variation within the male-specific region of the Y chromosome (MSY) could play a part in determining cardiovascular risk in men, confirming the notion that the increased risk for CAD in men cannot be fully explained through common CAD risk factors. Here, we review the literature about the pathophysiology of CAD, its potential causes and environmental risk factors known so far. Furthermore, we review the genetics of CAD, especially the latest discoveries regarding the implication of the Y chromosome, the most underexplored portion of the human genome to date, highlighting methods and difficulties arising in this research field, and discussing the importance of considering the Y chromosome in CAD research.
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