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Sustainable removal of Cr(VI) using graphene oxide-zinc oxide nanohybrid: Adsorption kinetics, isotherms and thermodynamics

吸附 石墨烯 朗缪尔吸附模型 纳米复合材料 化学工程 傅里叶变换红外光谱 氧化物 材料科学 吸热过程 动力学 六价铬 纳米颗粒 化学 无机化学 纳米技术 有机化学 冶金 工程类 物理 量子力学
作者
Simranjeet Singh,Amith G. Anil,Sutripto Khasnabis,Vijay Kumar,Bidisha Nath,Varun Adiga,T.S. Sunil Kumar Naik,S. Subramanian,Vineet Kumar,Joginder Singh,Praveen C. Ramamurthy
出处
期刊:Environmental Research [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:203: 111891-111891 被引量:109
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.envres.2021.111891
摘要

Metal-based adsorbents are limited for hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] adsorption from aqueous solutions because of their low adsorption capacities and slow adsorption kinetics. In the present study, decorated zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) on graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles were synthesized via the solvothermal process. The deposition of ZnO NPs on graphene oxide for the nanohybrid (ZnO-GO) improves Cr(VI) mobility in the nanocomposite or nanohybrid, thereby improving the Cr(VI) adsorption kinetics and removal capacity. Surface deposition of ZnO on graphene oxide was characterized through Fourie Transform Infra-red (FTIR), UV-Visible, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) techniques. These characterizations suggest the formation of ZnO-GO nanocomposite with a specific area of 32.95 m2/g and pore volume of 0.058 cm2/g. Batch adsorption analysis was carried to evaluate the influence of operational parameters, equilibrium isotherm, adsorption kinetics and thermodynamics. The removal efficiency of Cr(VI) increases with increasing time and adsorbent dosage. FTIR, FESEM and BET analysis before and after the adsorption studies suggest the obvious changes in the surface functionalization and morphology of the ZnO-GO nanocomposites. The removal efficiency increases from high-acidic to neutral pH and continues to decrease under alkaline conditions as well. Mathematical modeling validates that the adsorption follows Langmuir isotherm and fits well with the pseudo 2nd order kinetics (Type 5) model, indicating a homogeneous adsorption process. The thermodynamics study reveals that Cr(VI) adsorption on ZnO-GO is spontaneous, endothermic, and entropy-driven. A negative value of Gibb's Free Energy represents the thermodynamic spontaneity and feasibility of the sorption process. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study of Cr(VI) removal from aqueous solution using this hybrid nanocomposite at near-neutral pH. The synthesized nanocomposites prove to be excellent candidates for Cr(VI) removal from water bodies and natural wastewater systems.
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