Positive correlations between plasma BPI level and MPO-DNA and S100A8/A9 in myocardial infarction

Bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI) exhibits a number of important characteristics. RNA-seq analysis revealed that the BPI expression was increased in platelets of (non)ST-elevated myocardial infarction (NSTEMI/STEMI) patients. Activated platelets can induce NETosis which may be accompanied by the release of myeloperoxidase-DNA (MPO-DNA) and S100A8/A9. This study investigated the plasma BPI levels in myocardial infarction patients and its correlation with MPO-DNA and S100A8/A9. This prospective study recruited 80 control individuals, as well as 63 NSTEMI and 59 STEMI patients who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College for coronary angiography (CAG) and/or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) between May 1, 2020 and August 31, 2020. Demographic and clinical characteristics, clinical indicators, hs-CRP, IL-1β, MPO-DNA (a circulated marker of NETs), circulating levels of S100A8/A9 and BPI were measured from each individual. The severity of coronary lesions was evaluated by the Gensini score, based on the results of the CAG. Pearson's or spearman's correlation was used to examine the correlation between BPI and the above-mentioned parameters, as well as the severity of coronary artery disease. Linear regression analysis was applied to identify the independent predictive factors of BPI. Received operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of plasma BPI for MI. The plasma BPI levels increased by 8.76 times in the STEMI group and 5.38 times in the NSTEMI group compared to the control group. The plasma level of hs-CRP and IL-1β in both STEMI and NSTEMI groups were also significantly higher than the control group. In addition, the plasma levels of MPO-DNA and S100A8/A9 in the STEMI and NSTEMI groups were significantly higher than the control group. Plasma levels of BPI were positively correlated with IL-1β, hs-CRP, MPO-DNA and S100A8/A9. The correlation between BPI and the severity of coronary artery disease was also significant. The optimal cutoff value of plasma BPI was 35.1705 ng/ml for MI patients from the ROC curve analysis. Plasma BPI levels are increased in myocardial infarction patients and positively correlated with MPO-DNA and S100A8/A9. Plasma BPI level may serve as a potential biomarker of myocardial infarction.