Neuroimaging the Microbiome-Gut–Brain Axis

The brain is the most complex organ in the human body, interacting with every other major organ system to continuously maintain homeostasis. Thus it is not surprising that the brain also interacts with our microbiota, the trillions of bacteria and other organisms inhabiting the ecosystem of the human being. As we gather knowledge about the way that our microbiota interact with their local environments, there is also increasing interest in their communication with the brain.