Spectroscopic Identification of Active Sites of Oxygen‐Doped Carbon for Selective Oxygen Reduction to Hydrogen Peroxide

The electrochemical synthesis of hydrogen peroxide (H₂ O₂ ) via a two-electron (2 e^- ) oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) process provides a promising alternative to replace the energy-intensive anthraquinone process. Herein, we develop a facile template-protected strategy to synthesize a highly active quinone-rich porous carbon catalyst for H₂ O₂ electrochemical production. The optimized PCC₉₀₀ material exhibits remarkable activity and selectivity, of which the onset potential reaches 0.83 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode in 0.1 M KOH and the H₂ O₂ selectivity is over 95 % in a wide potential range. Comprehensive synchrotron-based near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy combined with electrocatalytic characterizations reveals the positive correlation between quinone content and 2 e^- ORR performance. The effectiveness of chair-form quinone groups as the most efficient active sites is highlighted by the molecule-mimic strategy and theoretical analysis.