HLA diversity unveils susceptibility and organ-specific occurrence of second primary cancers: a prospective cohort study

Up to 17% of cancer survivors have been reported to develop second primary cancers (SPC), which cause significant physical and economic distress and often complicate clinical decision-making. However, understanding of SPC remains limited and superficial. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) is characterized by its polymorphism and has been associated with various diseases. This study aims to explore the role of HLA diversity in SPC incidence.