Topical Application of Nano-sized Graphene Oxide Cream Ameliorates Acute Skin Inflammation in Mice

We have previously shown that nano-sized graphene oxide (NGO) displays anti-inflammatory activities against natural killer T (NKT) cell-mediated sepsis. To address whether NGO could be applied to treat acute skin inflammation we developed a conventional skin Cetaphil® cream containing NGO (NGO cream) for topical application to skin lesions and investigated its therapeutic efficacy by employing the tape-stripping-induced acute skin inflammation model. Topical application of NGO cream to the wounded area significantly reduced skin lesions compared with the control cream. Moreover, NGO cream treatment prevented the tape-stripping-elicited infiltration of and IL1β production by skin neutrophils and dendritic cells (DCs). Furthermore, such anti-inflammatory effects of NGO cream were attributed to decreased infiltration of IL12-producing DCs and IFNγ-producing cells (e.g., CD4