Optimal operation of multi-integrated energy system based on multi-level Nash multi-stage robust

To address the challenges faced by an integrated energy system (IES) during independent operation, such as high operating costs and significant uncertainties in electricity prices and source-load, a cooperative operation method based on a three-level Nash three-stage robust optimization is proposed for the Multi-integrated energy system (MIES). Firstly, the IES is enhanced by incorporating the coupling of multiple energy flows (electricity, heat, hydrogen, and gas) through the integration of an electric hydrogen module (EHM) and gas hydrogen doping combined heat and power (GHDCHP). Secondly, a Nash-Stackelberg-Nash game framework is constructed using game theory to accurately capture the interaction characteristics between the MIES and the Multi-PV prosumer (MPVP). Subsequently, a three-stage robust optimization model is developed for the IES, taking into full consideration the multiple uncertainties in electricity prices and source-load. This model is coupled with the Nash-Stackelberg-Nash game to propose a three-level Nash three-stage robust optimization model. Additionally, an ADMM algorithm coupling AOP-Looped C&CG is proposed to effectively solve the model. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is validated through numerical examples.