Clinical features of drug-induced liver failure and related diagnosis and treatment strategies

The incidence of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) has risen considerably in recent years. Drug-induced liver failure tends to have severe conditions, limited therapeutic strategy, and a high mortality rate and should thus be taken seriously by clinicians. N-acetyl-p-aminophenol is the most common cause of acute liver failure (ALF) in Western countries; for ALF associated with idiosyncratic DILI (iDILI), since there is little in-deep understanding of host susceptibility and pathogenesis, it is difficult to identify ALF caused by iDILI in the early stage, and due to a low rate of spontaneous recovery and poor prognosis, it has become a major indication for emergency liver transplantation in many countries. A comprehensive understanding of the clinical features and prognostic prediction of drug-induced liver failure and the search for new reliable diagnostic methods and effective treatment strategies are of vital importance in reducing the disease burden of drug-induced liver failure.