Increasing urban ecological resilience based on ecological security pattern: A case study in a resource-based city

High-intensity mineral resource exploitation has resulted in numerous ecological problems that seriously threaten the sustainability of resource-based cities. Resilience is considered as the key to maintaining regional sustainability. Therefore, this study established an index framework that affected the resilience of resource-based cities. We selected Changzhi in China as the study area and determined its current distribution of resilience. The ecological security pattern (ESP) can guide regional sustainability by effectively coordinating economic development and ecosystem protection, and play an important role in improving resilience. This study identified ecological sources through ecosystem services and applied circuit theory to extract ecological corridors. Combining the ESP with resilience, this study evaluated the resilience of ESP by constructing an index system of two scales of ESP elements (ecological sources, ecological corridors, and ecological nodes) and grid units; and the raster overlay operation of the results of the two scales was divided into five levels. Then, we proposed the corresponding recommendation for optimization. In general, this study provides a method to improve the spatial resilience that of high importance for regional development planning, ecological protection, and reasonable regulation of mining activities.