Traumatic Pseudoaneurysm of the Superior Rectal Artery with Recurrent Lower Gastrointestinal and Pelvic Extraperitoneal Bleeding: Importance of Pretreatment Recognition

Pseudoaneurysm, also known as false aneurysm, is a hematoma resulting from a defect in the vascular wall that freely communicates with the parent vessel. The most common causes of massive lower gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding are diverticular disease, angiodysplasia, and colitis, whereas pseudoaneurysmal lower GI bleeding is not common. We report a rare case of traumatic superior rectal artery pseudoaneurysm presenting with recurrent lower GI and pelvic extraperitoneal bleeding resulting from a penetrating perineal injury.