Massively parallel aligned microfibers-based harvester deposited via in situ, oriented poled near-field electrospinning

In this study, we demonstrate a direct-write, in situ poled polyvinylidene fluoride power generator via near-field electrospinning and fully encapsulated on a flexible substrate. An unique polarity alignment and a total of 500 microfibers continuously deposited in parallel and serial configurations are capable of producing a peak output voltage of ∼1.7 V and the current of ∼300 nA, which is two to three orders of magnitude increase in both voltage/current outputs when compared with near-field electrospinning setup of a single nanofiber and the similar amount of microfibers with postpoling treatment.