The ART of HIV prevention

HIV Transmission Despite the relative success of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the rate of new diagnoses has remained fairly constant. Now, Ratmann et al. examined probable sources of transmission in the Netherlands for men who have sex with men. They found that neither ineffective ART nor inadequate retention in care contributed to new infections. Rather, many of these cases could have been averted with available ART had there been more comprehensive testing coverage among men at risk of transmission. These findings support broader, more frequent testing followed by immediate ART as a strategy to decrease transmission rates. Sci. Transl. Med. 8 , 320ra2 (2016)