Reconfiguring the band-edge states of photovoltaic perovskites by conjugated organic cations

A-sites join the band edge The band edge of hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites, which have the general formula ABX 3 , is mainly controlled by the inorganic X anions (such as chloride) and the B cation (such as lead). Organic A-site cations usually only exert indirect structural effects because their electronic levels lie far from the band edge. Xue et al. show that cations with large π-conjugated structures can interact with inorganic frontier molecular orbitals. A surface layer of ethylammonium pyrene, which had an optimal intercalation distance, increased hole mobilities and power conversion efficiencies relative to a reference inorganic perovskite and also improved device stability. Science , this issue p. 636