Application of Metal–Organic Framework Materials and Derived Porous Carbon Materials in Catalytic Hydrogenation

In the past few decades, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have gradually become attractive materials in various fields due to their unique properties (adjustable pore size, large specific surface area, highly ordered structure, uniformly distributed metal nodes, good modifiability). MOF-derived porous carbon materials have also attracted great interest in many application fields due to their adjustable chemical and physical properties. The hydrogenation reaction is an important type of reaction in the chemical industry. The catalysts play an important role in the hydrogenation reaction. In recent years, MOFs and derived porous carbon materials have had extensive application in catalytic hydrogenation reactions. Compared with other traditional catalysts, MOFs and derived porous carbon materials have some unique advantages as hydrogenation catalysts, which are described in this review. In addition, we have expounded the rational design of MOF hydrogenation catalysts from the following four aspects: choosing suitable MOFs with coordinated unsaturated metal sites, good stability, and precise control and optimizing the structure of MOF materials and hydrogen storage characteristics of MOF materials. The application of nitrogen-doped carbon materials and MOF-derived porous carbon materials in hydrogenation reactions has also been compared. Moreover, various MOFs and derived porous carbon materials with excellent performance are discussed in detail in various catalytic hydrogenation reactions including olefins, alkynes, alcohols and phenols, aldehydes, carboxylic acids, esters, nitro compounds, and other hydrogenation reactions. Finally, the challenges of MOFs and derived porous carbon materials as hydrogenation catalysts are objectively summarized, and the application and development trends in catalytic hydrogenation reactions are prospected.