激素
糖皮质激素受体
生物
糖皮质激素
类固醇
核受体
受体
内分泌学
类固醇激素
醛固酮
内科学
内分泌系统
睾酮(贴片)
转录因子
医学
基因
生物化学
作者
Timothy J. Cole,Kelly Short,Stuart B. Hooper
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.siny.2019.05.005
摘要
Steroids are complex lipophilic molecules that have many actions in the body to regulate cellular, tissue and organ functions across the life-span. Steroid hormones such as cortisol, aldosterone, estradiol and testosterone are synthesised from cholesterol in specialised endocrine cells in the adrenal gland, ovary and testis, and released into the circulation when required. Steroid hormones move freely into cells to activate intracellular nuclear receptors that function as multi-domain ligand-dependent transcriptional regulators in the cell nucleus. Activated nuclear receptors modify expression of hundreds to thousands of specific target genes in the genome. Steroid hormone actions in the fetus include developmental roles in the respiratory system, brain, and cardiovascular system. The synthetic glucocorticoid steroid betamethasone is used antenatally to reduce the complications of preterm birth. Development of novel selective partial glucocorticoid receptor agonists may provide improved therapies to treat the respiratory complications of preterm birth and spare the deleterious effects of postnatal glucocorticoids in other organs.
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