嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌
毒力
生物膜
微生物学
病菌
抗生素耐药性
抗菌剂
群体感应
医学微生物学
生物
免疫学
医学
细菌
铜绿假单胞菌
抗生素
基因
生物化学
遗传学
作者
Angelina Trifonova,Tanya Strateva
标识
DOI:10.1080/23744235.2018.1531145
摘要
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an increasingly prevalent opportunistic pathogen responsible for a wide range of nosocomial infections in intensive care unit patients, life-threatening diseases in immunocompromised haematology-oncology patients and chronic pulmonary infections in individuals with cystic fibrosis. Therapy of these infections is problematic due to the remarkable intrinsic antimicrobial resistance of the species and to acquired resistance to multiple antimicrobial agents. As this organism is a low-grade pathogen, the pathogenesis of S. maltophilia infections involves numerous virulence factors as well as the ability of bacterial cells to form biofilms on abiotic surfaces and host tissues. The present review summarizes the literature data regarding extracellular and cell-associated virulence factors of S. maltophilia (some of which have still not been studied in detail) and considers the basic characteristics of biofilm formation. Many virulence features such as extracellular enzymes, bacterial motility and biofilm formation are finely controlled by quorum sensing (QS) that enable the bacteria to express these virulence factors in a coordinated, cell-density-dependent manner and overwhelm the host defence mechanisms. Manipulating the QS regulatory system is a promising approach for development of new strategies for control of S. maltophilia infections.
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