Effect of green synthesized nano-titanium synthesized from Trachyspermum ammi extract on seed germination of Vigna radiate

The current work investigates the conditional influence on Vigna radiate seed germination in vitro and in vivo using the green chemistry approach for the manufacture of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) from seed extract of Trachyspermum ammi (T. ammi). Ultraviolet spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to analyze the TiO2 NPs produced. The crystalline nature of TiO2 NP was revealed by XRD data, and TEM investigation revealed an irregularity in TiO2 NP shape with a size of 17.5 nm. UV absorbance at 315 nm for the TiO2 NPs was observed using Ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer. The antioxidant potential of the synthesized nanoparticle was discovered to be good. In case of seed germination studies, six concentrations (25, 50 100, 150, 200, and 250 μg mL- 1) of TiO2 NPs were examined along with the control on Vigna radiata seeds. Germination parameters such as seed vigor index (SVI), germination percentage (GP), germination value (GV) root length (RL) and shoot length (SL) of the Vigna radiata seedlings were observed and results revealed that the green synthesized TiO2 NPs were significantly improved. The results indicated that the TiO2 NP affected the plant growth more specifically at lower concentration (50 μg mL-1) of TiO2 NPs. Overall, the findings of this present study stipulated that the green TiO2 NP production can enhance the growth of Vigna radiate under in vitro and in vivo conditions.