Hierarchical Confined Assembly of Bilayer Heterostructures with Programmable Patterns

Hierarchical heterostructures fabricated from several optoelectronic materials with different physical properties are the basis for the integration of multifunctional and high-performing micro/nanodevices. Compared with one-component systems, heterostructures with programmable geometries can effectively control device performance, integrate multiple functions, and generate specific applications. However, patterning high-quality hierarchical heterostructures still faces difficulties in regard to solution processing, such as the dissolution of prepared structures during multiple processes and the uncontrollable assembly behaviors of different materials. Here, we report a universal method for fabricating cross-stacked P3HT/MAPbBr3 heterostructure arrays with a large area, homogeneous size, precise position, long-range order, and pure crystallographic orientation. The controlled hierarchical dewetting processes are confined by capillary bridges in the sandwich-structured assembly system, yielding bilayer heterostructure arrays with programmable geometries and tunable positional relationships. Our strategy provides a new perspective for the fabrication of high-throughput and high-efficiency hierarchical heterostructures toward integrated optoelectronics.