生物圈
大气(单位)
环境科学
地球大气中的二氧化碳
化石燃料
地球科学
二氧化碳
大气科学
沉积(地质)
碳循环
全球变暖
温室气体
气候学
气候变化
地质学
气象学
海洋学
化学
生态学
古生物学
构造盆地
生态系统
地理
有机化学
生物
作者
David Archer,Michael Eby,Victor Brovkin,Andy Ridgwell,Long Cao,Uwe Mikolajewicz,Ken Caldeira,Katsumi Matsumoto,Guy Munhoven,Álvaro Montenegro,Kathy S. Tokos
标识
DOI:10.1146/annurev.earth.031208.100206
摘要
CO 2 released from combustion of fossil fuels equilibrates among the various carbon reservoirs of the atmosphere, the ocean, and the terrestrial biosphere on timescales of a few centuries. However, a sizeable fraction of the CO 2 remains in the atmosphere, awaiting a return to the solid earth by much slower weathering processes and deposition of CaCO 3 . Common measures of the atmospheric lifetime of CO 2 , including the e-folding time scale, disregard the long tail. Its neglect in the calculation of global warming potentials leads many to underestimate the longevity of anthropogenic global warming. Here, we review the past literature on the atmospheric lifetime of fossil fuel CO 2 and its impact on climate, and we present initial results from a model intercomparison project on this topic. The models agree that 20–35% of the CO 2 remains in the atmosphere after equilibration with the ocean (2–20 centuries). Neutralization by CaCO 3 draws the airborne fraction down further on timescales of 3 to 7 kyr.
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