织物
材料科学
超级电容器
碳纤维
金属
萃取(化学)
活性炭
复合材料
纳米技术
化学
吸附
有机化学
复合数
电化学
电极
物理化学
作者
Do Van Lam,Kyungmin Jo,Chang‐Hyun Kim,Jae‐Hyun Kim,Hak‐Joo Lee,Seung‐Mo Lee
出处
期刊:ACS Nano
[American Chemical Society]
日期:2016-11-17
卷期号:10 (12): 11351-11359
被引量:89
标识
DOI:10.1021/acsnano.6b06608
摘要
Carbothermic reduction in the chemistry of metal extraction (MO(s) + C(s) → M(s) + CO(g)) using carbon as a sacrificial agent has been used to smelt metals from diverse oxide ores since ancient times. Here, we paid attention to another aspect of the carbothermic reduction to prepare an activated carbon textile for high-rate-performance supercapacitors. On the basis of thermodynamic reducibility of metal oxides reported by Ellingham, we employed not carbon, but metal oxide as a sacrificial agent in order to prepare an activated carbon textile. We conformally coated ZnO on a bare cotton textile using atomic layer deposition, followed by pyrolysis at high temperature (C(s) + ZnO(s) → C'(s) + Zn(g) + CO(g)). We figured out that it leads to concurrent carbonization and activation in a chemical as well as mechanical way. Particularly, the combined effects of mechanical buckling and fracture that occurred between ZnO and cotton turned out to play an important role in carbonizing and activating the cotton textile, thereby significantly increasing surface area (nearly 10 times) compared with the cotton textile prepared without ZnO. The carbon textiles prepared by carbothermic reduction showed impressive combination properties of high power and energy densities (over 20-fold increase) together with high cyclic stability.
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