A simple strategy for the detection of Pb(II) and Cu(II) by an electrochemical sensor based on Zn/Ni-ZIF-8/XC-72/Nafion hybrid materials

In this study, a novel electrochemical sensor for simultaneous detection of Pb(II) and Cu(II) was constructed by using Zn/Ni-ZIF-8/XC-72/Nafion hybrid material as electrode surface modifier. XRD, FT-IR, XPS and SEM were used to study the crystal structure, functional groups, element types and morphologies of the prepared materials. The electrochemical performance of the Zn/Ni-ZIF-8/XC-72/Nafion/GCE sensor were investigated by CV, EIS and DPV. In addition, the effects of various conditions including pH, the type of buffer and the ratio of Zn/Ni-ZIF-8 to XC-72 were also explored for the determination of Pb(II) and Cu(II). Under the optimum conditions, the constructed sensor exhibited outstanding linear response of Pb(II) (0.794–39.6 ppm) and Cu(II) (0.397–19.9 ppm) with detection limits of 0.0150 and 0.0096 ppm, respectively. Finally, the fabricated sensor was further used to detect Pb(II) and Cu(II) in real samples, and the satisfactory recovery was obtained.