Random antral follicle count performed on any day of the menstrual cycle has the same predictive value as AMH for good ovarian response in IVF cycles

To determine whether the predictive value of AFC for ovarian response to stimulation for IVF depends on the day of the menstrual cycle when ultrasound is performed.410 women undergoing their first IVF cycle were included. All the women had AFC performed twice. The first measurement, random AFC (r-AFC), was performed during the fertility workup whatever the day of their menstrual cycle. Three groups were constituted according to the period of ultrasound performance: at early follicular phase i.e., day 1 to day 6 (eFP-AFC); at mid follicular phase i.e., day 7 to 12 (mFP-AFC) and at luteal phase i.e., day 13 or after (LP-AFC). A second AFC measurement was performed before the start of the ovarian stimulation (SD1-AFC). AMH dosing was done in the early follicular phase.Random AFC (r-AFC) was correlated to AMH (r = 0.69; p<0.001), SD1-AFC (r = 0.75; p<0.001) and number of oocytes retrieved (r = 0.49; p<0.001). When regarding AFC depending on the cycle day group, the correlation with AMH was 0.65, 0.66 and 0.85 for the eFP-AFC, the mFP-AFC and the LP-AFC respectively (all p were <0.001). The ROC analysis showed the same predictive value for good ovarian response (more than 6 oocytes retrieved) for the eFP-AFC, mFP-AFC and LP-AFC (AUC 0.73, 0.75 and 0.84 respectively; p = 0.28). The AUC of r-AFC (0.76) were similar to those of AMH (0.74) and SD1-AFC (0.74) (p = 0.21 and 0.92 respectively).AFC is strongly correlated with AMH and highly predictive of good ovarian response during the whole menstrual cycle.