Thermal Modification by High Speed <i>In Situ</i> Mixing for Nanoparticles TiO<sub>2</sub> and SDS Surfactant to Paraffin Based PCM Nano Enhanced Composite

The use of liquid-solid type phase change material (PCM) is increasing due to the importance of having a good storage for latent heat, which can be attributed to its wide range of application, such as electronics, buildings, textiles, and the automotive sector. This study employed an experimental procedure through in situ mechanical mixing of paraffin-based PCM and 4Wt% Titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) rutile to form nanocomposite PCM with high-speed agitation (900 rpm at 90°C for 60 minutes) and mixed with Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate (SDS) as the dispersant. It was conducted by applying premixing of polar solution (distilled H 2 0 + 4Wt% SDS dispersant) to the aforementioned non-polar paraffin-based solution (paraffin wax + 4Wt% TiO 2 ) in a 1:4 ratio, then cooled naturally. The Fourier Transient Infrared (FTIR) spectrum and the X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) pattern indicated a characteristic typical of composite systems, in which. there is no new material system composed. The typical wavenumbers of composite PW+TiO 2 (2918 cm -1 , 2851cm -1 , 1471 cm -1 , 720cm -1 and 469 cm -1 ) were also seen in the FTIR, while high intensity peaks 2θ = 21.4°, 23.8 and low intensity peaks 27.4°, 36.074°, XRD patterns could be tied to monoclinic paraffin crystal with the typical plane diffractions of (110) and (200) and TiO 2 . The thermal properties of the composite were measured using Differential Scanning Calorimetry. The findings showed that the paraffin based PCM comprised a higher thermal storage capacity of 144.3 J/g compared to its common 104.5 J/g typology. Scanning Electron Microscope observation showed a better dispersion of TiO 2 clusters (smooth, spherical, and spreading). The results ultimately showed that optimizing the agitation speed at the prompt temperature contributes to the increase of the crystallite size and the capacity to isolate the temperature of nanoparticles, which may elicit a growing interest for more practical applications of the nanocomposites PCM.